AD70718-BIT SETTLING TIME140 dB CMRR INSTRUMENTATION AMPLIFIER Figure 22 shows the AD707 settling to within 80 µV of its final The extremely tight dc specifications of the AD707 enable the value for a 20 V output step in less than 100 µs (in the test con- designer to build very high performance, high gain instrumenta- figuration shown in Figure 23). To achieve settling to 18 bits, tion amplifiers without having to select matched op amps for the any amplifier specified to have a gain of 4 V/µV would appear to crucial first stage. For the second stage, the lowest grade AD707 be good enough, however, this is not the case. In order to truly is ideally suited. The CMRR is typically the same as the high achieve 18-bit accuracy, the gain linearity must be better than grade parts, but does not exact a premium for drift performance 4 ppm. (which is less critical in the second stage). Figure 24 shows an The gain nonlinearity of the AD707 does not contribute to the example of the classic instrumentation amp. Figure 25 shows error, and the gain itself only contributes 0.1 ppm. The gain that the circuit has at least 140 dB of common-mode rejection error, along with the V for a ± 10 V common-mode input at a gain of 1001 (RG = 20 Ω). OS and VOS drift errors do not comprise 1 LSB of error in an 18-bit system over the military temperature 20,000 range. If calibration is used to null offset errors, the AD707 CIRCUIT GAIN = –––––– + 1AD707RG resolves up to 20 bits at +25°C. –IN3R46A110k Ω 2R210k Ω 10k Ω AD707REFERENCE2OBSOLETESIGNAL10V/DivRG6A310k Ω 3R1D.U.T.AD70710k Ω OUTPUT29.9k Ω ERROR650µV/DivA2RR2CM+IN3200 Ω OUTPUT:10V/Div Figure 24. A 3 Op Amp Instrumentation Amplifier TIME – 50µs/Div High CMRR is obtained by first adjusting RCM until the output does not change as the input is swept through the full common- Figure 22. 18-Bit Settling mode range. The value of RG, should then be selected to achieve the desired gain. Matched resistors should be used for the output stage so that R 2x HP1N6263 CM is as small as possible. The smaller the value Of RCM, the lower the noise introduced by potentiometer 200k Ω wiper vibrations. To maintain the CMRR at 140 dB over a 20°C range, the resistor ratios in the output stage, R1/R2 and R3/R4, must track each other better than 10 ppm/°C. 2OP276VERROR x 10037410µF0.1µFINPUTCH1COMMON-MODE10µF0.1µFSIGNAL: 10V/Div–V+VSS2k Ω 2k Ω 1.9k Ω FLAT-TOPPULSE100 Ω GENERATORVIN2k Ω COMMON-MODE2ERROR REFERREDDATACH2TO INPUT: 5µV/DivDYNAMICSD.U.T.65109AD707ORTIME – 2 sec/Div37EQUIVALENT410µF0.1µF Figure 25. Instrumentation Amplifier Common-Mode Rejection 10µF0.1µF–V+VSS Figure 23. Op Amp Settling Time Test Circuit REV. B –7–